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Research

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition characterized by neutrophilic inflammation and recurrent infection of the airways. How these processes are initiated and perpetuated in CF remains largely unknown. We have demonstrated a link between the intestinal microbiota-related metabolites bile acids and inflammation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with stable CF lung disease.

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Key barriers to effective management of chronic wet cough are limited training in chronic wet cough management combined with competing complexities

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This review elaborates on biochemical characteristics, in vivo metabolism, biological conversion through UV irradiation, as well as dietary fortification of vitamin D. Recent innovations in vitamin D utilization, including nanoencapsulation, direct or indirect addition, emulsion, ultrasound, microwave processing, CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, as well as UV photoconversion, were summarized.

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Understanding informant discrepancies and their meaning is pivotal to designing surveys that generate robust insights into the health of sexual-minority adolescents

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Gambling disorder has emerged as a significant public health issue in Australia. Men are more likely than women to gamble and to develop gambling disorder. This study aimed predict men’s problem gambling severity using a multivariate approach comprised of different indicators of psychosocial functioning, past gambling behavior, and demographics (age and socioeconomic disadvantage).

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The current results highlight the urgent need for better mental health care and provide insight into areas for targeted mental health interventions

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Child anthropometric deficits remain a major public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and are a key target of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs recommend disaggregation of health indicators by ethnic group. However, few studies have assessed how ethnicity is associated with anthropometric deficits across SSA.

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We propose that women migrants, through alliances and collaboration, cross borders of learning and work towards generating change and transformation

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Bhutan has achieved a substantial reduction in both malaria morbidity and mortality over the last two decades and is aiming for malaria elimination certification in 2025. However, a significant percentage of malaria cases in Bhutan are imported (acquired in another country). The aim of the study was to understand how importation drives local malaria transmission in Bhutan.

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Based on descriptive analyses of this small study, S. aureus 3-antigen vaccine vaccination did not impact S. aureus acquisition or carriage

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Influenza vaccination is recommended for pregnant women, offering the dual benefit of protecting pregnant women and their newborn infants against influenza. This study aimed to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on influenza vaccine responses in pregnant women and their newborns. 

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Children with Cerebral Palsy, Gross Motor Function level II treated at a young age with repeated doses of Botulinum Toxin A maintain or improve their functional motor level

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To examine researchers' reports of adherence to ethical principles in their most recent research project, including factors associated with higher self-reported adherence, and perceptions of how research conduct could be improved. 

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The presence of pleural plaques on radiologic imaging does not confer additional increase in the risk of lung cancer

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Western societal norms have long been constrained by binary and exclusionary perspectives on matters such as infertility, contraception, sexual health, sexuality, and gender. These viewpoints have shaped research and knowledge frameworks for decades and led to an inaccurate and incomplete reproductive biology curriculum. To combat these deficiencies in reproductive systems-related education, our teaching team undertook a gradual transformation of unit content from 2018 to 2023, aiming to better reflect real diversity in human reproductive biology.

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We now have a growing number of epigenetic alterations in disease, and this offers a chance to increase sensitivity and specificity of future diagnostics and therapies

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Results suggest that autism traits are associated with poorer clinical presentation in first-episode psychosis populations

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Revising public health policy based on new data does not happen automatically. This is acutely relevant to the now undeniable evidence that many diseases develop differently between the sexes and may also be affected by gender. Current health and medical practices across the globe generally fail to cater for sex and gender effects in common diseases. 

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Sugar-sweetened beverage intake during adolescence was associated with higher body mass index, waist circumference, and being overweight in early adulthood