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Breakthrough in antibiotic discovery opens Pandora's Box

Although a staple of modern medicine, the benefits of antibiotics are waning thanks to overuse and the increasing ability of bacteria to dodge them – known as antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

'We can’t unknow what we’ve learned about Banksia Hill'

The Kids Research Institute Australia has been among a growing number of voices passionately advocating for an overhaul of the way young people in detention are managed in Western Australia.

Early learning on the move: Play Active to boost kids’ energetic play nationwide

More than 80,000 Australian children are expected to benefit from a trial being rolled out to 700 childcare centres across the country that aims to boost declining physical activity levels.

How in-language health messages are being used to tackle FASD

Researchers have worked with communities to come up with a tangible, practical legacy to improve the policy architecture and clinical approaches to drinking during pregnancy

How a simple treatment is helping to give premature bubs a better start

Coconut oil has been used on premature babies to help fight off deadly infections. Researchers are now hoping to prove it is effective for other conditions as well.

Research

Clinical Predictors of Longitudinal Respiratory Exacerbation Outcomes in Young Hospitalised Children

Respiratory infection and wheezing illness are leading causes of hospitalisation in childhood, placing a significant burden on families and healthcare systems. However, reliably distinguishing children at risk of developing persistent disease from those likely to outgrow their symptoms remains a clinical challenge. Earlier identification would allow clinicians to focus care and resources on those most likely to benefit from long-term management, while reducing anxiety and uncertainty about the future for families.

Research

Interleukin-4 modulates type I interferon to augment antitumor immunity

Despite advances in immunotherapy, metastatic melanoma remains a considerable therapeutic challenge due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. Intratumoral type I interferon (IFN-I) has long been associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, several IFN-I subtypes can also paradoxically promote tumor growth in some contexts.

Research

Pediatric Endotracheal Tube Cuff Management at Altitude: Implications for Aeromedical Retrieval and Other Austere Environments

Children are sometimes transported via fixed or rotary wing aircraft for medical care. If they are intubated with a cuffed endotracheal tube (ETT), changes in environmental pressure during transport can alter cuff pressure. Cuff management in this setting varies widely by region and by organization. In this historical review, we sought to delineate the evolution of ETT cuff management in children undergoing aeromedical retrieval in order to progress the field toward an optimum strategy in the future.

Research

Incidence of cognitive errors in difficult airway management: an inference human factors study from the Pediatric Difficult Intubation Registry

Cognitive errors are known contributors to poor decision-making in healthcare. However, their incidence and extent of their contribution to negative outcomes during difficult airway management are unknown. We aimed to identify cognitive errors during paediatric difficult airway management using data from the Pediatric Difficult Intubation (PeDI) registry, to determine patient and clinician factors associated with these errors, and their contribution to complications.

Research

A call to action: the second Lancet Commission on adolescent health and wellbeing

Adolescents are the future leaders of our world. Ensuring their health and wellbeing—now and in the future—is one of the strongest mechanisms available to safeguard the collective future of humanity and to secure a more just society and a healthier and more productive planet.